How does the USGA and R&A test golf balls, and how would a rollback change those tests?

Golf ball testing might change for elite players, but how does it all work at the USGA and R&A?
USGA, R&A propose rolling back the ball for elite golfers, but not changing equipment for recreational players

After years of research, the USGA and R&A are ready to start reducing distance — and they are going after the golf ball.
Golf distance debate: USGA and R&A close in on major announcements

The deadline for manufacturers, industry insiders and stakeholders to send feedback was Sept. 2.